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Library
The information library for CHP systems is organized in the following four major sections:
Glossary -- Definitions of the terminology and abbreviations used in this web site
Publications -- Final reports, papers published in magazines and journals, and presentations made at conferences by the Northeast CHP Application Center are available here to keep you abreast of the latest developments in CHP systems in the Northeast.
Installation Database -- A searchable database of the CHP system installations in the Northeast
Contacts Database -- A searchable database of contacts associated with CHP installations in the Northeast
Glossary
Absorption chiller
Water chiller based on absorption of refrigerant vapor into a liquid solution, pumping of the solution to elevated pressure, and the release (desorption) of refrigerant vapor through the addition of heat; absorption chillers require less energy because the pumping process involves a liquid; direct-fired chillers employ natural gas burners, indirect-fired chillers use steam or hot water from a separate source (such as the hot exhaust gases from electric generation); single-, double-, and triple-effect chillers employ multiple stages of desorption and internal use of waste heat to boost efficiency.
CHP
Cooling, heating, and power.
Demand charge
Charges for the use of electricity based on the maximum power requirement, electrical demand, during a specified period of time, typically a month ($/kW).
Desiccant
A solid or liquid material with an affinity for absorbing water molecules.
DG
Distributed generation: generating power on-site or near-site.
Engine-generator
Electrical generator using a reciprocating, Sterling, or rotary engine.
Enthalpy wheel
Heat exchanger rotating through building supply and exhaust air flows to transfer energy from one air stream to the other.
Evaporative cooling
Lowering the temperature of air through the evaporation from a water or wetted membrane; direct evaporative cooling adds water to the supply air while indirect evaporative cooling adds water to the exhaust air and incorporates a heat pipe or thermal wheel for indirect cooling of the supply air.
Fuel cell
Device for producing electricity using a chemical process rather than conventional combustion processes with electric generators.
HVAC
Heating, ventilating, and air conditioning.
Heat wheel
Heat exchanger rotating through building supply and exhaust air flows to transfer heat from one air stream to another.
IAQ
Indoor air quality.
kW
Kilowatt, a unit for measuring electric power. It is equal to 1000 watts.
Latent cooling load
Amount of cooling required to reduce humidity of air in conditioned space to specified level for comfort.
LHV
Lower Heating Value. Most of the efficiencies are based on higher heating value (HHV), which includes the heat of condensation of the water vapor in the combustion products. In gas turbine literature the lower heating value (LHV - which does not include the heat of condensation of the water vapor in the combustion products) is often used. The HHV is greater than the LHV by approximately 10% with natural gas as the fuel. LHV efficiencies are about 10 % greater than HHV efficiencies.
Line losses
Electric energy lost as heat in power transmission lines.
MW
Megawatt, a unit for measuring electric power. It is equal to 1000 kW.
Microturbine power generator
Turbine-engine driven electrical generator with output power under 100 kW.
Power reliability
Percent or fraction of the time (hours) power is available in a year (8760 hours).
Real time pricing
Charges for electrical demand and consumption based on instantaneous cost of production and distribution as opposed to fixed rates or fixed time-of-day rates.
Sensible cooling load
Amount of cooling required to reduce the temperature of air in the conditioned space to a specified level for comfort.
Thermal energy
Total amount of heat contained in a substance or required to achieve a task.
Thermal wheel
Heat exchanger rotating between two air flows to transfer heat from one to the other.
Ton or refrigeration ton
Quantity of cooling available from melting 2000 pounds of ice; 12,000 Btu/h or 3.1413 kW.
Vapor compression air conditioning
Cooling system based on compression of a gaseous refrigerant to a high pressure, and heat transfer with changes of state (i.e. liquid and vapor) to produce useful heating or cooling.
Waste heat
Portion of the energy input to a mechanical process which is rejected to the environment.
W
Watt, a unit for measuring electric power.
Publications
Presentations:
Reports:
State Resources:
- Incentives Database
An MS-excel workbook containing separate worksheets for:
Federal
Each New England state plus New York
Net-metering
Renewable Portfolio Standard
Standby-Rate Exemption
Installations Database
Coming later...
Contacts Database
Coming later...
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